Rujukan Evolusi

  1. Mayr, Ernst. 2001. What evolution is. Harvard.
  2. Levin, Harold L. 2005. The Earth through time. 8th ed, Wiley, N.Y. Chapter 6: Life on Earth: what do fossils reveal?
  3. Futuyma, Douglas J. 1997. Evolutionary biology, 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates. p751. ISBN 0-87893-189-9.
  4. Guardian article by Richard Dawkins, Jerry Coyne
  5. Muller, H. J. (1959). "One hundred years without Darwin are enough". School Science and Mathematics. 59: 304–305. Reprinted in:Zetterberg, Peter (ed.) (1983). Evolution versus Creationism: the public education controversy. Phoenix AZ: ORYX Press. ISBN 0897740610. Selenggaraan CS1: Extra text: senarai pengarang (link)
  6. Dobzhansky, T. 1973. Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. The American Biology Teacher 35: (March): 125-129.
  7. Simpson G.G. 1951. Horses: the story of the horse family in the modern world and through sixty million years of history. Oxford, New York. (despite the title, the earliest record of the horse is 52 mya)
  8. A paraphrase of Darwin C.D. 1859. On the origin of species. Chapters 1 and 2, especially p45.
  9. Williams, George C. 1966. Adaptation and natural selection: a critique of some current evolutionary thought. Princeton. "Evolutionary adaptation is a phenomenon of pervasive importance in biology." p5
  10. The Oxford Dictionary of Science mentakrifkan adaptation sebagai "Apa juga perubahan sekalipun dalam struktur atau fungsi organisme yang menjadikannya lebih sesuai dengan persekitarannya".
  11. Stephen Jay Gould, Evolution as Fact and Theory from Hen's Teeth and Horse's Toes, New York: Norton 1994, pp253-262.
  12. Quammen, David , Was Darwin Wrong?, National Geographic, November 2004
  13. Evolution 101: Natural Selection from the Understanding Evolution webpages made by the University of California at Berkeley
  14. Mayr, Ernst. 2001. What evolution is. Harvard. p117.
  15. O'Brien S. Wildt D. & Bush M. 1986. The Cheetah in genetic peril. Scientific American 254: 68–76. Skin grafts between non-related cheetahs illustrate this point: there is no rejection of the donor skin.
  16. Evolution 101:Sampling Error and Evolution dan Effects of Genetic Drift dari laman-laman web Understanding Evolution yang dihasilkan oleh Universiti California di Berkeley
  17. Evolution 101: Peripatric Speciation dari laman-laman web Understanding Evolution yang dihasilkan oleh Universiti California di Berkeley
  18. Wagner M. Reisen in der Regentschaft Algier in den Jahren 1836, 1837 & 1838. Voss, Leipzig. p199-200
  19. Wagner M. 1873. The Darwinian theory and the law of the migration of organisms. Translated by I.L. Laird, London.
  20. Kingsley D.M. January 2009. From atoms to traits. Scientific American p57
  21. Evolution 101: Definition: What is Macroevolution? from the Understanding Evolution webpages made by the University of California at Berkeley
  22. Sebagai contoh, rujuk perbincangan Bowler, Peter H. 2003. Evolution: the history of an idea. 3rd ed, California. p86–95, khususnya "Whatever the true nature of Lamarck's theory, it was his mechanism of adaptation that caught the attention of later naturalists". (p90)
  23. Stern, Curt and Underwood, Eva R. (eds) 1966. The origin of genetics: a Mendel source book. Freeman, San Francisco.
  24. Carlson, E.A. 1966. The gene: a critical history. Saunders, N.Y.
  25. Larson Evolution: the remarkable history of a scientific theory pp. 221-243
  26. Provine1, William B., Genetics and Speciation, Genetics, Vol. 167, 1041-1046, Julai 2004
  27. Browne, Janet (2003). Charles Darwin: The Power of Place. London: Pimlico. m/s. 376–379. ISBN 0-7126-6837-3
  28. For an overview of the philosophical, religious, and cosmological controversies, see: Dennett, D (1995). Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life]]. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0684824710
    Untuk mengetahui penerimaan sains dan sosial terhadap evolusi pada abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20, rujuk: Johnston, Ian C. "History of Science: Origins of Evolutionary Theory". And Still We Evolve. Liberal Studies Department, Malaspina University College. Dicapai 2007-05-24. 
    *Bowler, PJ (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea, Third Edition, Completely Revised and Expanded. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520236936
    *Zuckerkandl E (2006). "Intelligent design and biological complexity". Gene. 385: 2–18. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.03.025. PMID 17011142
  29. Ross, M.R. (2005). "Who Believes What? Clearing up Confusion over Intelligent Design and Young-Earth Creationism" (PDF). Journal Of Geoscience Education. 53 (3): 319. Dicapai 2008-04-28. 
  30. Spergel D. N. (2006). "Science communication. Public acceptance of evolution". Science. 313 (5788): 765–66. doi:10.1126/science.1126746. PMID 16902112
  31. Spergel, D. N. (2003). "First-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 148: 175–94. doi:10.1086/377226.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  32. Wilde SA, Valley JW, Peck WH, Graham CM (2001). "Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago". Nature. 409 (6817): 175&section=1275–78. doi:10.1038/35051550. PMID 11196637. Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)
  33. "English version of Humani Generis". The Holy See. 
  34. "Message to the Pontifical Academy of Science: On Evolution". EWTN. 
  35. A. C. Higgins, Scientific Racism: a review of the science and politics of racial research by William H. Tucker (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994).
  36. Galton terkenal kerana sumbangannya dalam bidang matematik dan psikologi. Beliau merupakan orang pertama yang menggunakan analisis regresi untuk mengkaji bagaimana benda-benda berbeza yang saling bergantung saling mempengaruhi sesama sendiri, dengan menggunakan cap jari yang diilhamkan dari sains forensik. Beliau disanjungi sebagai bapa psikologi bereksperimen, bersama dengan Wilhelm Wundt. Galton membangunkan mesin Bean untuk menunjukkan taburan kebarangkalian, antara lainnya.
  37. Kevles DJ (1999). "Eugenics and human rights". BMJ. 319 (7207): 435–8. PMID 10445929
  38. Mengenai sejarah eugenik dan evolusi, rujuk Kevles, D (1998). In the name of Eugenics: Genetics and the uses of human heredity. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674445574
  39. Darwin langsung tidak menyetujui cubaan Herbert Spencer dan dan lain-lain untuk menggunakan gagasan evolusi kepada sebanyak subjek lain yang boleh; rujuk Midgley, M (2004). The Myths we Live By. Routledge. m/s. 62. ISBN 978-0415340779
  40. Allhoff F (2003). "Evolutionary ethics from Darwin to Moore". History and philosophy of the life sciences. 25 (1): 51–79. doi:10.1080/03919710312331272945. PMID 15293515
  41. Theodosius Dobzhansky, Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution, from The American Biology Teacher, March 1973 (35:125-129)
  42. TalkOrigins: Evolution is a Fact and a Theory by Laurence Moran, 1993
  43. H. Allen Orr, Devolution: Why intelligent design isn’t, The New Yorker, 30 Mei 2005
  44. Stebbins, G. Ledyard, Jr. 1974. Flowering plants: evolution above the species level. Harvard.
  45. Wynne-Edwards, V. 1962. Animal dispersion in relation to social behavior. Oliver & Boyd, London.
  46. Wynne-Edwards, V. 1986. Evolution through group selection. Blackwell, Oxford. ISBN 0-632-01541-1.
  47. Williams, George C. 1972. Adaptation and natural selection: a critique of some current evolutionary thought. Princeton University Press.ISBN 0-691-02357-3
  48. Williams G.C. 1986. Evolution through group selection. Blackwell. ISBN 0-632-01541-1
  49. Maynard Smith, John 1964. Group selection and kin selection Nature 201:1145–1147
  50. Maynard Smith, John 1998. Evolutionary genetics, 2nd ed. Oxford.
  51. Koeslag J.H. 1997. Sex, the prisoner's dilemma game, and the evolutionary inevitability of cooperation. J. Theor. Biol. 189, 53–61
  52. Koeslag J.H. 2003. Evolution of cooperation: cooperation defeats defection in the cornfield model. J. Theor. Biol. 224, 399–410
  53. Hamilton, W. 1963. "The evolution of altruistic behavior." American Naturalist 97:354-356
  54. Dawkins R. 1976. The selfish gene. Oxford.
  55. Dawkins R. 1982. The extended phenotype. Freeman, Oxford.
  56. Mayr, Ernst 1997. The objects of selection. PNAS 94 2091-2094 The objects of selection.
  57. Hamilton W.D. 1996. Narrow roads of geneland: the collected papers of W.D. Hamilton, vol 1. Freeman, Oxford.
  58. Maynard Smith J. 1978. The evolution of sex. Cambridge.
  59. 1 2 Agrawal A.f. 2009. Why reproduction often takes two. Nature 462 p294
  60. Morran L.T. Parmenter M.D. & Phillips P.C. 2009. Mutation load and rapid adaptation favour outcrossing over self-fertilisation. Nature 462 p350
  61. "Non-sexual", because obligatory selfing is effectively asexual in its genetic effect.
  62. Doebley JF, Gaut BS, Smith BD (2006). "The molecular genetics of crop domestication". Cell. 127 (7): 1309–21. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.006. PMID 17190597. Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)

Rujukan

WikiPedia: Evolusi http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/darwin/sect3.htm http://people.delphiforums.com/lordorman/light.htm http://www.ewtn.com/library/PAPALDOC/JP961022.HTM http://science.howstuffworks.com/evolution.htm/pri... http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0411/featu... http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/05/30/050530... http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleUR... http://evolution.berkeley.edu/ http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0... http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIID1...