Rujukan Rus'_Kiev

  1. ↑ John Channon & Robert Hudson, Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia (Penguin, 1995), p.16.
  2. 1 2 Kievan Rus, Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  3. ↑ Plokhy, Serhii (2006). The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus (PDF). New York: Cambridge University Press. m/s. 10–15. ISBN 978-0-521-86403-9. Dicapai 2010-04-27. For all the salient differences between these three post-Soviet nations, they have much in common when it comes to their culture and history, which goes back to Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state based in the capital of present-day Ukraine. 
  4. ↑ Kyivan Rus’, Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1988), Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.
  5. ↑ See Historical map of Kievan Rus' from 980 to 1054.
  6. ↑ Paul Robert Magocsi, Historical Atlas of East Central Europe (1993), p.15.
  7. ↑ "Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe". occawlonline.pearsoned.com. 2000. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 January 2010.