Rujukan Rusia

  1. "Russian Census of 2002". 4.1. National composition of population. Federal State Statistics Service. Dicapai 16 Januari 2008. 
  2. "The Russian federation: general characteristics". Federal State Statistics Service. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2003-10-21. Dicapai 5 Apr. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  3. |poulation_estimate_year = 2019data
  4. Russian Census 2010
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Russia". International Monetary Fund. Dicapai 2 Jan. 2011.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  6. "Distribution of family income – Gini index". The World Factbook. CIA. Dicapai 2011-01-13. 
  7. "2010 Human development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. m/s. 148–151. Dicapai 4 Mac 2011. 
  8. "Nama-nama Persekutuan Rusia dan Rusia adalah sama ertinya". "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Perkara 1). Dicapai 25 Jun 2009. 
  9. 1 2 3 "Russia". Encyclopedia Britannica. Dicapai 31 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  10. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/message-rosstat.php
  11. "Commission of the Russian Federation for UNESCO: Panorama of Russia". Unesco.ru. Dicapai 2010-10-29. 
  12. 1 2 Library of Congress. "Topography and drainage". Dicapai 26 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  13. 1 2 3 4 Excerpted from Glenn E. Curtis (ed.) (1998). "Russia: A Country Study: Kievan Rus' and Mongol Periods". Washington, DC: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. Dicapai 20 Jul. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)Selenggaraan CS1: Extra text: senarai pengarang (link)
  14. The Mongol empire: its rise and legacy, By Michael Prawdin, Gérard Chaliand, (2005) page 512-550
  15. Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053
  16. Peter Turchin, Thomas D. Hall and Jonathan M. Adams, "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires",Journal of World-Systems Research Vol. 12 (no. 2), pp. 219-229 (2006).
  17. Superpower politics: change in the United States and the Soviet Union Books.Google.com
  18. Weinberg, G.L. (1995). A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II. Cambridge University Press. m/s. 264. ISBN 0521558794
  19. Rozhnov, Konstantin,Who won World War II?. BBC.
  20. 1 2 "Country Profile: Russia". Foreign & Commonwealth Office of the United Kingdom. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2009-11-06. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  21. 1 2 "Status of Nuclear Powers and Their Nuclear Capabilities". Federation of American Scientists. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  22. Milner-Gulland, R. R. (1997). The Russians: The People of Europe. Blackwell Publishing. m/s. 1–4. ISBN 063121849 Check |isbn= value: length (bantuan). 
  23. Duczko, Wladyslaw (2004). Viking Rus: Studies on the Presence of Scandinavians in Eastern Europe. Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-04-13874-9
  24. Encyclopædia Britannica: Kievan Rus
  25. "Kievan Rus' and Mongol Periods". Sam Houston State University. Dicapai 2007-07-20. 
  26. See Jacob Walkin, The Rise of Democracy in Pre-Revolutionary Russia: Political and Social Institutions under the Last Three Czars, Praeger, 1962.
  27. http://www.ciaonet.org/atlas/countries/ru_data_loc.html#a0 CIAO – Atlas – Russia]
  28. Revolutions and Civil War, excerpted from Glenn E. Curtis (ed.), Russia: A Country Study, Department of the Army, 1998. ISBN 0-16-061212-8.
  29. 1 2 See Donald A. Filzer, Soviet Workers and the Collapse of Perestroika: The Soviet Labour Process and Gorbachev's Reforms, 1985–1991, Cambridge University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-521-45292-9.
  30. Misalnya, lihat Country Profile for the Russian Federation, oleh British Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Diambil pada 21 Julai 2007.
  31. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 80, §1). Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  32. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 81, §3). Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  33. White, Stephen (2010). "Classifying Russia's Politics". dalam White, Stephen. Developments in Russian Politics 7 (dalam bahasa English). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230224490. Selenggaraan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak dikenali (link)
  34. Sakwa, Richard (2010). "Politics in Russia". dalam White, Stephen. Developments in Russian Politics 7 (dalam bahasa English). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230224490. Selenggaraan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak dikenali (link)
  35. Kosachev. K. "Russian Foreign Policy Vertical". Russia In Global Affairs. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  36. The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation at Globalsecurity.org April 27, 2005
  37. "NATO-Russia relations". NATO. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2007-04-11. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  38. Page, Jeremy (2010-09-26). "Russian Oil Route Will Open to China". The Wall Street Journal. Dicapai 2010-09-28. 
  39. 1 2 "Overview of the major Asian Powers" (PDF). International Institute for Strategic Studies: 31. Dicapai 27 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The World Factbook. "CIA". Central Intelligence Agency. Dicapai 26 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  41. Russia pilots proud of flights to foreign shores by David Nowak. The Associated Press, Sep 15, 2008
  42. "US drives world military spending to record high". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2006-06-13. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  43. "Russia arms exports could exceed $7 bln in 2007 – Ivanov". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 27 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  44. "World Wide Military Expenditures". Global Security. Dicapai 6 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  45. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 65, §1) In 1993, when the Constitution was adopted, there were 89 subjects listed. Some of them were later merged. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  46. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 95, §2). Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  47. Russian Classificaton of Economic Regions (OK 024–95) of 1 January 1997 as amended by the Amendments #1/1998 through #5/2001. Section I. Federal Districts)
  48. The World Network of Biosphere Reserves—UNESCO. "Russian Federation". Dicapai 26 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  49. "Oil prices drive the cost of food". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 22 Feb. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  50. "Lake Baikal—A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies". United States Geological Survey. Dicapai 26 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  51. "Angara River". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Dicapai 26 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  52. 1 2 "Climate". Library Of Congress. Dicapai 26 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  53. Drozdov, V.A.; dll. (1992). "Ecological and Geographical Characteristics of the Coastal Zone of the Black Sea". GeoJournal. 27.2, pp. 169–178: Springer Netherlands. 27: 169. doi:10.1007/BF00717701. Selenggaraan CS1: Penggunaan eksplisit et al. (link)
  54. Walsh, NP (19 Sep. 2003). "It's Europe's lungs and home to many rare species. But to Russia it's £100bn of wood". London: Guardian (UK). Dicapai 26 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date=, |date= (bantuan)
  55. I.A. Merzliakova (1 Nov. 1997). "List of animals of the Red Data Book of Russian Federation". Enrin.grida.no. Dicapai 27 Apr. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date=, |date= (bantuan)
  56. "Russians weigh an enigma with Putin's protégé". MSNBC. Dicapai 9 May 2008. 
  57. "Russia Is Getting Wealthier". The Moscow Times. 2010-10-21. 
  58. "Russia's unemployment rate down 10% in 2007 – report". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 9 May 2008. 
  59. "Russia: How Long Can The Fun Last?". BusinessWeek. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  60. "Russia fixed asset investment to reach $370 bln by 2010–Kudrin". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  61. "International Reserves of the Russian Federation in 2008". The Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Dicapai 30 Jul. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  62. 1 2 "Kudrin and Fischer honoured by Euromoney and IMF/World Bank meetings in Washington". Euromoney. Dicapai 2011-03-04. 
  63. "Russia's foreign debt down 31.3% in Q3—finance ministry". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  64. Debt -external, CIA World Factbook. Dicapai pada 22 Mei 2010.
  65. Tavernise, S (23 Mac 2002). "Russia Imposes Flat Tax on Income, and Its Coffers Swell". The New York Times. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  66. "Global personal taxation comparison survey–market rankings". Mercer (consulting firms). Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  67. "Russia: How Long Can The Fun Last?". BusinessWeek. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  68. "aneki rankings and records". UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UniCredit New Europe Research Network. Dicapai 03 Okt. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  69. GRP by federal subjects of Russia, 1998-2007 (Rusia)
  70. "Russia to invest $1 trillion in infrastructure by 2020 –ministry". RIA Novosti. Dicapai 31 Jul. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  71. Land Use CIA World Factbook
  72. Data oleh Rosstat (Rusia)
  73. Russia takes the third place in the world by grain exports, rosbankjournal.ru (Rusia)
  74. Data oleh Rosstat (Rusia)
  75. Tanah pertanian mengikut jenis pemilik Rosstat, 2009 (Rusia)
  76. Hasil pertanian utama mengikut jenis pemilik Rosstat, 2009 (Rusia)
  77. Fish capture by country since 1950 guardian.co.uk
  78. Eksport dan import ikan dan hasil laut Rosstat, 2009 (Rusia)
  79. Russia, China in Deal On Refinery, Not Gas by Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen. Wall Street Journal, Sept 22, 2010
  80. Did A New Pipeline Just Make Russia The Most Important Energy Superpower By Far by Graham Winfrey. Business Insider, 6 Jan 2010
  81. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  82. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  83. "BP Statistical review of world energy June 2007". BP. 2007. Diarkibkan daripada asal (XLS) pada 2009-02-06. Dicapai 2007-10-22.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)
  84. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  85. World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  86. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  87. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  88. CIA World Factbook. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  89. "BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2009: Hydroelectricity consumption". Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2009-07-08. Dicapai 2010-10-29. 
  90. Nuclear Power Plant Information, International Atomic Energy Agency. Diambil pada 12 Jun 2006.
  91. 1 2 "Russian Railways". Eng.rzd.ru. Dicapai 2 Jan. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  92. "Invest in Russia–Infrastructure". Invest.gov.ru. Dicapai 27 Apr. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  93. CIS railway timetable, route No. 002, Moscow-Pyongyang, August 2009. Note: several different routes have the same number.
  94. CIS railway timetable, route No. 350, Kiev-Vladivostok, August 2009.
  95. Rosstat statistics on length of roads Diambil pada 10 Jun 2009
  96. "Transport in Russia". International Transport Statistics Database. iRAP. Dicapai 17 Feb. 2009.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  97. "CIA The World Factbook–Rank Order–Airports". Cia.gov. Dicapai 2011-01-19. 
  98. "Transport system of Russia". Global-economics.ru. Dicapai 3 Oct. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  99. "Russian Mathematicians in the 20therenkoh Century". Princeton University, USA. Dicapai 10 Apr. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  100. "The Poincaré Conjecture"
  101. "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics". Aiaa.org. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2005-10-03. Dicapai 2 Jan. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  102. "Russian space program in 2009: plans and reality". Russianspaceweb.com. Dicapai 27 Apr. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  103. Panzerkampfwagen T-34(r) by George Parada (n.d.) Achtung Panzer! website, retrieved on 17 November 2008
  104. Halberstadt, Hans Inside the Great Tanks The Crowood Press Ltd. Wiltshire, England 1997 94–96 ISBN 1-86126-270-1: "The T-54/T-55 series is the hands down, all time most popular tank in history."
  105. "Weaponomics: The Economics of Small Arms" (PDF). 
  106. "Russian Census of 2002". 4.1. National composition of population. Federal State Statistics Service. Dicapai 2008-01-16. 
  107. 1 2 Ethnic groups in Russia, Banci 2002, Demoscope Weekly. Diambil pada 5 Februari 2009.
  108. "Resident population". Rosstat. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  109. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/message-rosstat.php
  110. "Demographics". Library of Congress. Dicapai 16 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  111. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Modern demographics of Russia by Rosstat. Diambil pada 5 Oktober 2010.
  112. "Russia cracking down on illegal migrants". International Herald Tribune. 15 January 2007. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 15 September 2008. 
  113. Putin tries to lure millions of Russian expats home Times Online. 9 Februari 2006.
  114. Migrant resettlement in the Russian federation: reconstructing 'homes' and 'homelands' by Moya Flynn (1994). p.15. ISBN 1-84331-117-8
  115. The World Factbook. "Rank Order—Birth rate". Central Intelligence Agency. Dicapai 25 Apr. 2009.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  116. The World Factbook. "Rank Order—Death rate". Central Intelligence Agency. Dicapai 25 Apr. 2009.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  117. "Country Profile: Russia" (PDF). Library of Congress—Federal Research Division. 2006. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 2005-02-26. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan); Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  118. with over 1 million populationRosstat
  119. with population between 500,000 and 1 million Rosstat
  120. "Russian Census of 2002". 4.3. Population by nationalities and knowledge of Russian; 4.4. Spreading of knowledge of languages (except Russian). Rosstat. Dicapai 16 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  121. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 68, §2). Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  122. "Russian". University of Toronto. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2007-01-06. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  123. Russian Language History foreigntranslations.com
  124. 1 2 "Russian language course". Russian Language Centre, Moscow State University. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  125. Poser, Bill (2004-05-05). "The languages of the UN". Itre.cis.upenn.edu. Dicapai 2010-10-29. 
  126. Bell, I (2002). Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia. ISBN 9781857431377. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  127. Zuckerman, P (2005). Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns, chapter in The Cambridge Companion to Atheism, ed. by Michael Martin. Cambridge University Press. 
  128. http://www.interfax-religion.com/?act=news&div=8400
  129. "Russia". Dicapai 8 Apr. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  130. "(Rusia) Сведения о религиозных организациях, зарегистрированных в Российской Федерации По данным Федеральной регистрационной службы". December 2006. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  131. "20Mln Muslims in Russia and mass conversion of ethnic Russians are myths—expert". Interfax. Dicapai 1 Apr. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  132. "Russia's Islamic rebirth adds tension". Financial Times. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  133. Mainville, M (19 November 2006). "Russia has a Muslim dilemma". San Francisco Chronicle. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  134. "Russia::Religion". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2007. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  135. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". Article 41). Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  136. "Russian ombudsman about propiska restrictions in modern Russia". Dicapai 23 Jul. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  137. "Healthcare in Russia — Don't Play Russian Roulette". justlanded.com. Dicapai 03 Oct. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  138. Leonard, W R (2002). "Declining growth status of indigenous Siberian children in post-Soviet Russia". Human Biology. Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan); Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  139. Russian life expectancy figuresRosstat. Retrieved on August 21, 2010
  140. "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". (Article 43 §1). Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  141. Smolentseva, A. "Bridging the Gap Between Higher and Secondary Education in Russia". Dicapai 27 Dec. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  142. "Background Note: Russia". U.S. Department of State. Dicapai 2 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  143. "Higher Education Institutions". Rosstat. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2008-02-29. Dicapai 1 Jan. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  144. "Education for All by 2015: will we make it? EFA global monitoring report, 2008" (PDF). Dicapai 27 Apr. 2010.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  145. "Higher education structure". State University Higher School of Economics. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  146. Gereja berbumbung tenda batu pertama dan asal-usul seni bina bumbung tenda oleh Sergey Zagraevsky di tapak RusArch.ru (Rusia)
  147. Bentuk-bentuk kubah gereja Rusia kuno oleh Sergey Zagraevsky di tapak RusArch.ru (Rusia)
  148. Russian Academy of Arts. (Inggeris)
  149. Kelly, C (2001). Russian Literature: A Very Short Introduction (Paperback). Oxford Paperbacks. ISBN 0192801449
  150. "Russian literature; Leo Tolstoy". Encyclopedia Britannica. Dicapai 11 Apr. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  151. Otto Friedrich (6 Sep. 1971). "Freaking-Out with Fyodor". Time Magazine. Dicapai 10 Apr. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date=, |date= (bantuan)
  152. "Russia:Motion pictures". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Dicapai 27 Dis. 2007.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  153. Sergei Bondarchuk's War and peace, at filmforum.org
  154. "Legendary Olympians". CNN. 19 Ogos 2008. 
  155. Tom Van Riper and Kurt Badenhausen. "Top-Earning Female Athletes". Forbes. Dicapai 1 Aug. 2008.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  156. "The USSR and Olympism" (PDF). Olympic Review. International Olympic Committee (84): 530–557. 1974. Dicapai 2008-03-28.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)

Rujukan

WikiPedia: Rusia http://www.mercer.com.au/pressrelease/details.htm?... http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200606/s16612... http://learn.utoronto.ca/Page625.aspx http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-t-34... http://www.aneki.com/students.html http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/... http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/... http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/24432/An... http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/317574/K... http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/513251/R...