↑ Govaerts, R. & Frodin, D.G. (2002). World Checklist and Bibliography of Araceae (and Acoraceae): 1-560. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
↑ Bown, Deni (2000). Aroids: Plants of the Arum Family. Timber Press. ISBN0-88192-485-7.