↑ Roy Porter (2003). "Marginalized practices". The Cambridge History of Science: Eighteenth-century science. The Cambridge History of Science. 4 (edisi illustrated). Cambridge University Press. m/s. 495–497. ISBN978-0-521-57243-9. Although we may now bracket physiognomy with Mesmerism as discredited or even laughable belief, many eighteenth-century writers referred to it in all seriousness as a useful science with a long history ... Although many modern historians belittle physiognomy as a pseudoscience, at the end of the eighteenth century it was not merely a popular fad but also the subject of intense academic debate about the promises it held for future progress.
↑ American Anthropological Association. "Eugenics and Physical Anthropology". August 7, 2007.
