Rujukan Pandangan_agama_Kristian_mengenai_perhambaan

  1. ↑ Gálvez, Francisco J. González. "Church and Slavery in the Middle Ages" (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Petikan journal memerlukan |journal= (bantuan)
  2. 1 2 Augustine of Hippo. ""Chapter 15 - Of the Liberty Proper to Man's Nature, and the Servitude Introduced by Sin—A Servitude in Which the Man Whose Will is Wicked is the Slave of His Own Lust, Though He is Free So Far as Regards Other Men." in City of God (Book 19 )". Dicapai pada 11 Februari 2016. Tuhan ... tidak bermaksud bahawa makhluk Rasionalnya, yang dibuat dalam imejNya, harus memiliki kekuasaan atas apa pun kecuali penciptaan yang tidak rasional - bukan manusia atas manusia, tetapi manusia atas binatang ... keadaan perhambaan adalah hasil dari dosa ... Ini [hamba] adalah nama .. diperkenalkan oleh dosa dan bukan secara semula jadi ... keadaan [di mana lelaki boleh menjadi hamba] tidak pernah dapat timbul kecuali [ kecuali] melalui dosa ... Perjuangan utama, maka, perhambaan adalah dosa, yang membawa manusia di bawah kekuasaan sesama manusia [manusia berdosa] ... Tetapi secara alamiah, sebagaimana Allah menciptakan kita dahulu, tidak seorangpun hamba manusia atau dosa.
  3. ↑ "Mennonite Church USA". Dicapai pada 2016-02-11. Preamble: To join with other Christian denominations in a united voice against the evil of human trafficking, we present this statement of our opposition to all forms of human slavery.
  4. ↑ "Pope Francis". Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2016-02-16. Dicapai pada 2016-02-11. Inspired by our confessions of faith, today we are gathered for an historic initiative and concrete action: to declare that we will work together to eradicate the terrible scourge of modern slavery in all its forms.
  5. ↑ "Justin Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury". Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2016-02-16. Dicapai pada 2016-02-11. Pada masa apabila kepercayaan dianggap salah sebagai penyebab konflik adalah tanda harapan yang sebenar bahawa pemimpin beriman global sekarang telah berkomitmen bersama mereka secara terbuka dalam pertempuran untuk menamatkan perhambaan moden.
  6. ↑ "Southern Baptist Convention". Dicapai pada 2016-02-11. ...Sekiranya diselesaikan dengan lebih lanjut, kita meratapi dan menolak tindakan bersejarah kejahatan seperti perhambaan yang mana kita terus menuai hasil tuaian pahit...
  7. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), article on Slaves and Slavery
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Archer (1982), Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties, pp. 86-87
  9. ↑ Curp, T. David. "A Necessary Bondage? When the Church Endorsed Slavery".
  10. ↑ Pagden, Anthony (1997-12-22). "The Slave Trade, Review of Hugh Thomas' Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade". The New Republic.
  11. ↑ Exodus 22:2-3
  12. ↑ Keluaran 21:20-21
  13. ↑ Exodus 21:26-27
  14. ↑ Kelauran 23:12
  15. ↑ Deuteronomy 23:15
  16. ↑ Amsal 30:10
  17. ↑ Leviticus 25:35
  18. ↑ Deuteronomy 20:10-16
  19. ↑ Deuteronomy 24:7
  20. ↑ Exodus 20:10-16
  21. ↑ Leviticus 25:44
  22. ↑ Isaiah 22:2-3
  23. ↑ 2 Kings 4:1-7
  24. 1 2 3 4 Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), article on Slaves and Slavery
  25. 1 2 Deuteronomy 16:14
  26. ↑ Exodus 20:10
  27. ↑ Leviticus 25:43
  28. ↑ Leviticus 25:53
  29. ↑ Leviticus 25:39
  30. ↑ Exodus 21:26-27
  31. ↑ Exodus 21:20-21
  32. ↑ Maimonides, Mishneh Torah
  33. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), article on Avenger of Blood
  34. ↑ Leviticus 25:47-55
  35. ↑ Exodus 21:7
  36. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia (1901), article on Law, Codification of
  37. ↑ Peake's commentary on the Bible (1962), on Exodus 21:2-11
  38. ↑ Deuteronomy 15:12
  39. ↑ Deuteronomy 15:13-14
  40. ↑ Thomas Kelly Cheyne and John Sutherland Black, Encyclopaedia Biblica (1903), article on Slavery
  41. ↑ Exodus 21:5-6
  42. ↑ Thomas Kelly Cheyne and John Sutherland Black, Encyclopaedia Biblica (1903), article on Slavery
  43. ↑ Leviticus 25:44-46
  44. ↑ Ephesians 6:9
  45. 1 2 Cardinal Dulles, Avery. "Development or Reversal?". First Things. Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2010-07-31.
  46. ↑ Giles, Kevin. "The Biblical Argument for Slavery: Can the Bible Mislead? A Case Study in Hermeneutics." Evangelical Quarterly 66 (1994): p. 10 http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/eq/1994-1_003.pdf
  47. ↑ Ephesians 6:5-8
  48. ↑ Colossians 3:22-25
  49. ↑ 1 Timothy 6:1
  50. ↑ Titus 2:9-10
  51. ↑ 1 Peter 2:18
  52. ↑ Ephesians 6:9
  53. ↑ 1 Peter 2:18-25
  54. ↑ "Galatians 3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus". bible.cc.
  55. ↑ "Galatians 3:27 For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ". bible.cc.
  56. ↑ Religion and the Antebellum Debate Over Slavery, by John R. McKivigan, Mitchell Snay
  57. ↑ Philemon 1:1-25
  58. ↑ "Archived copy". Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2013-03-13. Dicapai pada 2012-03-22.
  59. ↑ Titus 2:9-10
  60. ↑ Corinthians%207:21-22&verse=&src=! 1 Corinthians 7:21-22
  61. ↑ "The Bible and Slavery". www.bible-researcher.com. Dicapai pada 2015-08-03.
  62. ↑ Timothy%201:9-11&verse=&src=! 1 Timothy 1:9-11
  63. ↑ "Welcome to Encyclopædia Britannica's Guide to History".
  64. ↑ "Slavery in Bible times by David Meager" (PDF).
  65. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/slavery_04.shtml Resisting Slavery in Ancient Rome By Professor Keith Bradle
  66. ↑ Acts 6:9
  67. ↑ Friedrich Blass, Philology of the Gospels (1898), [regularly republished, most recently in 2005]
  68. ↑ Thomas Kelly Cheyne and John Sutherland Black, Encyclopaedia Biblica (1903), article on Libertines
  69. ↑ Goodell, The American Slave Code. Pt. I Ch. VII
  70. ↑ "Slavery Didn't Go Away When the Western Roman Empire Fell".
  71. ↑ Deuteronomy 23:15-16
  72. ↑ Luis M. Bermejo, S.J., Infallibility on Trial, 1992, Christian Classics, Inc., ISBN 0-87061-190-9, p. 313.
  73. ↑ "Church apologises for slave trade". 8 Februari 2006 – melalui news.bbc.co.uk.
  74. ↑ Adam Hochschild, Bury the Chains, The British Struggle to Abolish Slavery (2005), page 61
  75. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia, , Accessed 10.9.2009.
  76. 1 2 John Chrysostom. "Homily 22 on Ephesians". Dicapai pada 11 Februari 2016.
  77. 1 2 John Chrysostom. "Homily XXII". Christian Classics Ethereal Library. Dicapai pada 11 Februari 2016.
  78. ↑ John Chrysostom. "Homily 2 on Philemon". Dicapai pada 11 Februari 2016.
  79. ↑ John Chrysostom. "Homily II". Dicapai pada 11 Februari 2016.
  80. ↑ Youval Rotman, "Byzantine Slavery and the Mediterranean World", Harvard University Press, 2009 p. 139
  81. ↑ "Slavery and Christianity: First to Fifteenth Centuries by Mako A. Nagasawa".[pautan putus]
  82. ↑ Ramelli, Ilaria (25 Jun 2012). "Gregory of Nyssa's Position in Late Antique Debates on Slavery and Poverty, and the Role of Asceticism". Journal of Late Antiquity. 5 (1): 87–118. doi:10.1353/jla.2012.0004.
  83. ↑ Hans Boersma (28 Februari 2013). Embodiment and Virtue in Gregory of Nyssa: An Anagogical Approach. OUP Oxford. halaman 146–163. ISBN 978-0-19-964112-3.
  84. ↑ Rowling, Marjorie (Jun 1987). Life in Medieval Times. ISBN 978-0-88029-128-6.
  85. ↑ Encycl. Britannica, Ecloga
  86. ↑ Youval Rotman, "Byzantine Slavery and the Mediterranean World", p. 140
  87. ↑ Youval Rotman, "Byzantine Slavery and the Mediterranean World", transl. by Jane Marie Todd, Cambridge, Massachusetts – London, Harvard University Press 2009. Book presentation in a) Nikolaos Linardos (University of Athens), , Mediterranean Chronicle 1 (2011) pp. 281, 282, b) Alice Rio, American Historical Review, Vol. 115, Issue 5, 2010, pp. 1513–1514
  88. ↑ Cardinal Dulles, Avery. "Development or Reversal?". Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2010-07-31.
  89. ↑ John Francis Maxwell (1975) Slavery and the Catholic Church. Barry Rose Publishers. p. 47
  90. ↑ John Francis Maxwell (1975) Slavery and the Catholic Church. Barry Rose Publishers. p. 84
  91. ↑ Jarrett, Bede (1 Januari 1968). Social Theories in the Middle Ages 1200-1500. Psychology Press. m/s. 97. ISBN 978-0-7146-1327-7. Dicapai pada 31 December 2011.
  92. ↑ Herbert, Gary B. (1 Ogos 2003). A Philosophical History of Rights. Transaction Publishers. m/s. 62. ISBN 978-0-7658-0542-3. Dicapai pada 31 December 2011.
  93. ↑ "The Truth About the Catholic Church and Slavery".
  94. ↑ Sardar, Ziauddin, and Davies, Merryl Wyn. 2004. The No-Nonsense Guide to Islam. Verso. ISBN 1-85984-454-5. p. 94.
  95. ↑ Phipps, William E., Amazing Grace in John Newton, Mercer University Press, 2004 ISBN 9780865548688
  96. ↑ Bown, Stephen R., 1494: How a Family Feud in Medieval Spain Divided the World in Half, p. 73, Macmillan, 2012 ISBN 9780312616120
  97. 1 2 Richard Raiswell (1997), "Nicholas V, Papal Bulls of", in Junius Rodriquez (ed.) The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery, Denver, Colorado/Oxford, England; ABC-CLIO, p. 469.
  98. ↑ "Slavery and the Catholic Church", John Francis Maxwell, p. 55, Barry Rose Publishers, 1975
  99. ↑ Earle, T. F.; Lowe, K. J. P. (2005). Black Africans in Renaissance Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press. m/s. 281. ISBN 978-0521815826.
  100. ↑ Frances Gardiner Davenport (2004; orig. 1917-37), European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies to 1648 (four vols.), Washington, DC, Carnegie Institution of Washington, pp. 20-26. ISBN 1-58477-422-3
  101. ↑ Thomas Foster Earle (2005), Black Africans in Renaissance Europe; Cambridge/New York/Melbourne, Cambridge University Press, p. 281, and; Luis N. Rivera (1992), A Violent Evangelism: The Political and Religious Conquest of the Americas, Louisville, Westminster John Knox Press, p. 25.
  102. 1 2 "The Encyclopedia Of Christianity", p. 212
  103. ↑ Stogre, Michael (1992). That the World may Believe: The Development of Papal Social Thought on Aboriginal Rights. Montréal, Éditions Paulines & Médiaspaul, p. 115, fn. 133.
  104. ↑ Davis, David Brion, 1988, The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture; New York, Oxford University Press, p. 170, fn. 9.
  105. ↑ Lampe, Armando (2001), Christianity in the Caribbean: Essays on Church History, Kingston, Jamaica; University of the West Indies Press, p. 17
  106. ↑ Thornberry, Patrick (2002), Indigenous Peoples and Human Rights, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2002, p. 65, fn. 21.
  107. ↑ "Fr. Joel S. Panzer". www.ewtn.com.
  108. ↑ "The abolition of the slave trade: Christian conscience and political action". Dicapai pada 2009-09-12.
  109. ↑ Roger Anstey, "Slavery and the Protestant Ethic," Historical Reflections 1979 6(1): 157-181. Pp. 157-172.
  110. ↑ quoted in Piper, 2002, p. 37)
  111. ↑ The Christian Cabinet, December 14, 1859
  112. ↑ Thoughts Upon Slavery, John Wesley, Published in the year 1774, John Wesley: Holiness of Heart and Life, 1996 Ruth A. Daugherty
  113. ↑ Charles G. Finney, Memoirs (New York: A.S. Barnes, 1876), 324
  114. ↑ Guilt modified by ignorance--anti-slavery duties, by President Finney 1852
  115. ↑ London Yearly Meeting minutes, Vol. 6, 457 - 458
  116. ↑ "Abolition Movement - EARLY ANTISLAVERY EFFORTS, EARLY EFFORTS OF BLACKS, REVOLUTIONARY ERA ABOLITIONISM, NORTHERN ABOLITIONISM". encyclopedia.jrank.org. Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2010-01-12. Dicapai pada 2008-11-29.
  117. ↑ London Yearly Meeting minutes, Vol. 17, 298 - 307
  118. ↑ "American Abolitionism and Religion, Divining America, TeacherServe©, National Humanities Center". nationalhumanitiescenter.org.
  119. ↑ Jennifer Rose, The Culture of Honor: How Slaveholders Responded to the Abolitionist Mail Crisis of 1835, p.60
  120. ↑ David S. Mussey, "The American Adventure," 2 vols. New York, 1980
  121. ↑ American Mobbing, 1828-1861 By David Grimsted
  122. ↑ Schlesinger Age of Jackson, p.190
  123. ↑ "Westward Expansion and Development of Abolitionist Thought," Kentucky underground railroad
  124. ↑ "George Bourne, 1780-1845. A Condensed Anti-Slavery Bible Argument; By a Citizen of Virginia". docsouth.unc.edu.
  125. ↑ See also "The guilt of slavery and the crime of slaveholding, demonstrated from the Hebrew and Greek scriptures"
  126. ↑ Dooley 11-15; McKivigan 27 (ritualism), 30, 51, 191, Osofsky; ANB Leonidas Polk
  127. ↑ Allard, Paul (1912). Slavery and Christianity. Catholic Enycyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Dicapai pada 2006-02-04.
  128. ↑ "In supremo apostolatus". Dicapai pada 2009-09-12.
  129. ↑ "IN PLURIMIS - ON THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY". Dicapai pada 2009-09-12.
  130. ↑ Boxer, Charles Ralph; Pereira, Galeote; Cruz, Gaspar da; Rada, Martín de (1953), South China in the sixteenth century: being the narratives of Galeote Pereira, Fr. Gaspar da Cruz, O.P. [and] Fr. Martín de Rada, O.E.S.A. (1550-1575), Issue 106 of Works issued by the Hakluyt Society, Printed for the Hakluyt Society, halaman 151–152 (Includes an English translation of Gaspar da Cruz's entire book, with C.R. Boxer's comments)
  131. ↑ "The final abolition of slavery in Christianity lands".
  132. ↑ "News from the Vatican - News about the Church - Vatican News". www.news.va.
  133. 1 2 Edward J. Cashin, Beloved Bethesda : A History of George Whitefield's Home for Boys (2001)
  134. ↑ Arnold Dallimore, George Whitefield: The Life and Times of the Great Evangelist of the Eighteenth Century (1980), Volume 2
  135. ↑ Piper, John. "I Will Not Be a Velvet-Mouthed Preacher!". Februari 3, 2009. Dicapai pada 10 December 2013.
  136. ↑ Robinson, B.A. (22 September 2013). "Slavery in the Bible". Religious Tolerance. Dicapai pada 19 July 2017.
  137. ↑ Joe Early, Readings in Baptist History (2008), page 82
  138. ↑ Michael Corbett and Julia Corbett Hemeyer, Politics and Religion in the United States (1999), page 95
  139. ↑ Clegg, Claude (Januari 2000), "African Americans and the Making of Evangelical Christianities, 1760–1860", The Cambridge History of Religions in America (dalam bahasa Inggeris), Cambridge University Press, halaman 178–202, doi:10.1017/chol9780521871099.010, ISBN 9781139195423
  140. ↑ Paul S. Boyer; Clifford Clark; Joseph F. Kett; Neal Salisbury; Harvard Sitkoff (2007). The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-618-80161-9.
  141. ↑ Murrin, John M. Liberty, Equality, Power: a History of the American People. Concise 4th ed. Vol. I: To 1877. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2007. 115. Print.
  142. ↑ "How Did American Slavery Begin?" Historian Philip Curtin
  143. ↑ "The Encyclopedia of World History" 2001 Diarkibkan Februari 4, 2009, di Wayback Machine
  144. ↑ Sublimis Deus, 1537
  145. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia "Reductions of Paraguay"
  146. ↑ "Brazil's Prized Exports Rely on Slaves and Scorched Land" Diarkibkan 2007-12-13 di Wayback Machine Larry Rohter (2002) New York Times, Mac 25
  147. ↑ John S. Mbiti, African Religions and Philosophy (London: Heinemann, 1969), p.229, as cited in The Early Church and Africa, John P. Kealy and David W. Shenk, Nairobi Oxford University Press, 1975, p.1
  148. ↑ David H. Healey, The Paradox of the Two Christian Faiths
  149. ↑ Jacob Neusner, World Religions in America: An Introduction, p.58
  150. ↑ Olupona, Jacob (2014). African Religions: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. m/s. 95. ISBN 978-0-19-979058-6.
  151. ↑ Classified Digest, p. 15; Perry, pp. 254-255. Compare the sermon of Samuel Davies (1757), p. 41; Thomas Bacon, Four Sermons, 1750, pp. 101, 114-115
  152. ↑ "The Secret Religion of the Slaves" Diarkibkan Mac 7, 2012, di Wayback Machine, excerpt from Slave Religion: The 'Invisible Institution' in the Antebellum South (Oxford, 1978), by Albert J. Raboteau
  153. ↑ Hugh Brogan, The Penguin History of the USA (1999)
  154. ↑ "A Brief History of Jamestown Diarkibkan April 16, 2009, di Wayback Machine,"The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, Richmond, VA 23220
  155. ↑ Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology (4 vols), David Levinson and Melvin Ember (eds), HenryHolt:1996
  156. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
  157. ↑ "Were there any blacks on the Mayflower?" Diarkibkan 2008-12-09 di Wayback Machine By Caleb Johnson, member of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants
  158. ↑ Perlembagaan Amerika Syarikat, 4:2:3
  159. ↑ Nevins, V.2 p.145
  160. ↑ Miller, 305
  161. ↑ Ingersol, Stan (November–December 2008). "The Enduring Significance of Pilot Point". Holiness Today. 6. Kansas City, MO: Nazarene Publishing House. 10: 8. ISSN 1523-7788. Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2008-12-14. Dicapai pada 27 November 2008.
  162. ↑ Denominasi yang lebih tua tidak akan disatukan semula hingga abad ke-20. Sebagai contoh, Methodis, sebagai contohnya, dibahagi pada tahun 1844 dan tidak disatukan kembali sehingga tahun 1939. Presbyterian tidak disatukan hingga tahun 1983, dan gereja-gereja Baptis di Amerika Serikat tidak pernah bersatu semula.
  163. ↑ Lossing, Chapter 26
  164. ↑ Several examples appear in Wikiquote, such as
  165. ↑ "Resolution On Racial Reconciliation On The 150th Anniversary Of The Southern Baptist Convention, Atlanta, Georgia - 1995". Southern Baptist Convention. Dicapai pada 2 Mac 2016.
  166. ↑ Masters, Peter (2006). Missionary Triumph Over Slavery: William Knibb and Jamaican Emancipation. London: Wakeman Trust. m/s. 51. ISBN 9781870855532.
  167. ↑ Hinton, John howard (2012-01-31). Memoir of William Knibb, Missionary in Jamaica. UK: Lightning Source. m/s. 196. ISBN 9781235606274.
  168. ↑ Spurgeon, Charles (1883-03-04). "The Best War Cry". Dicapai pada 2014-12-26.
  169. ↑ Swarns, Rachel (Februari 14, 2018). "272 Slaves Were Sold to Save Georgetown. What Does It Owe Their Descendants?". New York Times. Dicapai pada Februari 15, 2018.
  170. ↑ Swarns, Rachel L. (Mac 12, 2017). "A Glimpse Into the Life of a Slave Sold to Save Georgetown". New York Times.
  171. ↑ Hassan, By Adeel (April 12, 2019). "Georgetown Students Agree to Create Reparations Fund". New York Times.
  172. ↑ Quinn, John F. (Januari 2004). ""Three Cheers for the Abolitionist Pope!": American Reaction to Gregory XVI's Condemnation of the Slave Trade, 1840-1860". Catholic Historical Review. 90 (1): 67–93. doi:10.1353/cat.2004.0036.
  173. ↑ Gillis, Chester (1999). Roman Catholicism in America. Columbia University Press. m/s. 58. ISBN 978-0-231-10871-3.
  174. ↑ Panzer, Joel (1996). The Popes and Slavery. Alba House. ISBN 978-0-8189-0764-7.
  175. ↑ "American Catholic History Classroom: The Federated Colored Catholics: Introduction". Diarkib daripada yang asal pada 2010-06-10. Dicapai pada 2010-02-16.
  176. ↑ John Bigelow, The Southern Confederacy and the Pope, in 157 The North American Review 462, 468-75 (1893).
  177. ↑ US History, Methodist church, ,
  178. ↑ D&C Section 101:79
  179. 1 2 D&C Section 134:12
  180. ↑ Templat:Cite wikisource
  181. ↑ Benjamin Braude, "The Sons of Noah and the Construction of Ethnic and Geographical Identities in the Medieval and Early Modern Periods, "William and Mary Quarterly LIV (Januari 1997): 103–142. See also William McKee Evans, "From the Land of Canaan to the Land of Guinea: The Strange Odyssey of the Sons of Ham,"American Historical Review 85 (Februari 1980): 15–43
  182. ↑ John N. Swift and Gigen Mammoser, "'Out of the Realm of Superstition: Chesnutt's 'Dave's Neckliss' and the Curse of Ham'", American Literary Realism, vol. 42 no. 1, Fall 2009, 3
  183. ↑ Templat:Lds
  184. 1 2 Templat:Cite wikisource
  185. ↑ United States. Congress (1857). The Congressional Globe, Part 2. Blair & Rives. m/s. 287.
  186. ↑ Templat:Cite archive
  187. ↑ Joseph Smith Views of U.S. Government Diarkibkan November 12, 2007, di Wayback Machine Februari 7, 1844
  188. ↑ "The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: Community of Christ and African-American members".
  189. ↑ Utah Legislative Assembly (1852). Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah, of the ... Annual Session, for the Years ..., Volume 1.
  190. ↑ Templat:Cite wikisource
  191. ↑ "Pioneers and Cowboys". historytogo.utah.gov.
  192. ↑ Kristian Rogers-Iversen (September 2, 2007). "Utah settlers' black slaves caught in 'new wilderness'". The Salt Lake Tribune.
  193. ↑ Don B. Williams (December 2004). Slavery in Utah Territory: 1847-1865. ISBN 9780974607627.
  194. ↑ Benjamin Hayes. "Mason v. Smith". tiada seorang pun dari warna kata tersebut boleh membaca dan menulis, dan hampir sama sekali tidak tahu tentang undang-undang negara California serta negara-negara Texas, dan hak-hak mereka
  195. ↑ American Historical Company, American Historical Society (1913). Americana, Volume 8. National Americana Society. m/s. 83.
  196. ↑ Richard S. Van Wagoner and Steven C. Walker. A Book of Mormons. it is my desire that they should be treated as friends, and as they wish to Trade horses, Buckskins and Piede children, we hope them success and prosperity and good bargains
  197. ↑ Farmer, Jared (2008). On Zion's Mount: Mormons, Indians, and the American Landscape. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674027671.
  198. ↑ Andrés Reséndez. The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America.

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