Rujukan Penaklukan_Islam_di_Mesir

  1. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:18 page no:453
  2. 1 2 Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal, chapter no:19
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Al-Maqrizi, Mawaiz wa al-'i'tibar bi dhikr al-khitat wa al-'athar,
  4. ↑ Al-Kamil, page 451 - 452
  5. ↑ Al-Gawzi, Al-Montazim, page 532 - 534
  6. ↑ al-Tabari, history of the kings, page 862
  7. ↑ Abu Salih Armenia, The churches and monasteries of Egypt and some neighbouring countries, tr. B.T.A.Evetts, page 168
  8. ↑ Alfred Butler, The invasion of Egypt, page 234
  9. ↑ Kamil Salih, Pope Benjamin the First and the Arab invasion of Egypt, page 65
  10. ↑ Al-Maqrizi, Mawaiz wa al-'i'tibar bi dhikr al-khitat wa al-'athar, page 231
  11. 1 2 Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 213
  12. ↑ Al-Maqrizi, Mawaiz wa al-'i'tibar bi dhikr al-khitat wa al-'athar
  13. 1 2 3 http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04597c.htm
  14. ↑ Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 216
  15. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:19
  16. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  17. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  18. ↑ Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 254-255
  19. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  20. ↑ Andre Raymond, Cairo, transl. Willard Wood, (Harvard University Press, 2000), 10.
  21. ↑ Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 258
  22. ↑ Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 263
  23. ↑ Alfred Butler, the invasion of Egypt, page 264
  24. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:21
  25. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  26. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Invasion of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  27. ↑ "Umar (634-644)", The Islamic World to 1600 Multimedia History Tutorials by the Applied History Group, University of Calgary. Last accessed 20 Oct 2006
  28. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Invasion of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  29. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  30. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:23
  31. ↑ "Umar (634-644)", The Islamic World to 1600 Multimedia History Tutorials by the Applied History Group, University of Calgary. Last accessed 20 Oct 2006
  32. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Invasion of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  33. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  34. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Invasion of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  35. ↑ "Umar (634-644)", The Islamic World to 1600 Multimedia History Tutorials by the Applied History Group, University of Calgary. Last accessed 20 Oct 2006
  36. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  37. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Invasion of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  38. ↑ Kaegli, Walter. Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium.
  39. ↑ A.I.Akram's Muslim Conquest of Egypt and North Africa, ISBN 978-0-19-597712-7
  40. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  41. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:24
  42. 1 2 http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/nikiu2_chronicle.htm
  43. 1 2 The Great Arab Conquests By Hugh Kennedy, page 164
  44. ↑ The Great Arab Conquests By Hugh Kennedy, page 163
  45. 1 2 The Great Arab Conquests By Hugh Kennedy, page 165
  46. ↑ The Great Arab Conquests By Hugh Kennedy, page 212
  47. ↑ The Great Arab Conquests By Hugh Kennedy, page 214
  48. ↑ Butler, Alfred, The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion
  49. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  50. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  51. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:22
  52. ↑ "Umar (634-644)", The Islamic World to 1600 Multimedia History Tutorials by the Applied History Group, University of Calgary. Last accessed 20 Oct 2006
  53. ↑ Al Farooq, Umar By Muhammad Husayn Haykal. chapter no:25