Nota Penaklukan_Levant_oleh_Muslim

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Syria." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 20 Oct. 2006 Syria -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  2. 1 2 3 The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns: page no:576 by Lieutenant-General Agha Ibrahim Akram, Nat. Publishing. House, Rawalpindi (1970) ISBN 978-0-7101-0104-4.
  3. ↑ Waqidi: p. 4.
  4. ↑ Tabari: Vol. 2, p. 601
  5. ↑ Tabari: Vol. 2, p. 609
  6. ↑ Waqidi: p. 62.
  7. ↑ Akram, chapter 31.
  8. ↑ Gil, Moshe; Ethel Broido (1997). A History of Palestine. Cambridge University Press, pp. 634–1099. ISBN 978-0-521-59984-9.
  9. ↑ Tabari: Vol. 3, p. 98.
  10. 1 2 3 4 "Umar (634–644)", The Islamic World to 1600 Multimedia History Tutorials by the Applied History Group, University of Calgary. Last accessed 20 Oct 2006
  11. ↑ Yaqut al-Hamawi as cited in le Strange, Guy (1890). Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. London: Alexander P. Watt for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. m/s. 25. OCLC 1004386. Dicapai 16 September 2010.