Nota kaki

• Edward William Lane, Arabic English Lexicon, 1893, 2003 reprint: ISBN 81-206-0107-6, 3064 pages (online edition).
• R. Traini, Vocabolario di arabo, I.P.O., Rome
• Hans Wehr, Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart: Arabisch-Deutsch, Harassowitz, 1952, 1985 reprint: ISBN 3-447-01998-0, 1452 pages; English translation: Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, Harassowitz, 1961.

Fonologi

• Robin Thelwall, M. Akram Sa'adeddin (2003). "Arabic". Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-63751-1. 

Tatabahasa

• Kees Versteegh, The Arabic Language, Edinburgh University Press (1997). See online versions:
• Mumisa, Michael, Introducing Arabic, Goodword Books (2003).
• Haywood and Nahmad, A new Arabic grammar: London 1965, ISBN 0-85331-585-X
• Laura Veccia Vaglieri, Grammatica teorico-pratica della lingua araba, I.P.O., Rome.

Dialektologi

• George Grigore, (2007). L'arabe parlé à Mardin. Monographie d'un parler arabe périphérique. Bucharest: Editura Universitatii din Bucuresti, ISBN (13) 978-973-737-249-9