Rujukan Epal

  1. 1 2 "Epal - Malus domestica". Natural England. Dicapai 22 Januari 2008. 
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Origin, History of cultivation". Universiti Georgia. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 21 Januari 2008. Dicapai 22 Januari 2008. 
  3. ↑ Lauri, Pierre-éric (2006). "Architecture and size relations: an essay on the apple (Malus x domestica, Rosaceae) tree". American Journal of Botany. Botanical Society of America, Inc. (93): 357–368.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  4. ↑ Coart, E., Van Glabeke, S., De Loose, M., Larsen, A.S., Roldán-Ruiz, I. 2006. Chloroplast diversity in the genus Malus: new insights into the relationship between the European wild apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) and the domesticated apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Mol. Ecol. 15(8): 2171-82.
  5. ↑ An Italian-led international research consortium decodes the apple genome, AlphaGallileo, 29 Ogos 2010. Diterima pada 29 Ogos 2010.
  6. ↑ The Science Behind the Human Genome Project Human Genome Project Information, US Department of Energy, 26 Mac 2008, Retrieved 24 September 2010.
  7. 1 2 "An epal a day keeps the doctor away". vegparadise.com. Dicapai 27 Januari 2008. 
  8. ↑ James M. Van Valen (2010). History of Bergen county, New Jersey. Nabu Press. m/s. 744. ISBN 1177725894. Dicapai 2010-10-08. 
  9. ↑
  10. ↑ Ellis Davidson, H. R. (1965) Gods And Myths Of Northern Europe, page 165 to 166. ISBN 0-14-013627-4
  11. ↑ Ellis Davidson, H. R. (1965) Gods And Myths Of Northern Europe, page 165 to 166. Penguin Books ISBN 0-14-013627-4
  12. ↑ Ellis Davidson, H. R. (1998) Roles of the Northern Goddess, page 146 to 147. Routledge ISBN 0-415-13610-5
  13. ↑ Sauer, Jonathan D. (1993). Historical Geography of Crop Plants: A Select Roster. CRC Press. m/s. 109. ISBN 0849389011. 
  14. 1 2 Wasson, R. Gordon (1968). Soma: Divine Mushroom of Immortality. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. m/s. 128. ISBN 0-15-683800-1. 
  15. 1 2 Ruck, Carl (2001). The Apples of Apollo, Pagan and Christian Mysteries of the Eucharist. Durham: Carolina Academic Press. m/s. 64–70. ISBN 0-89089-924-X.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  16. ↑ Heinrich, Clark (2002). Magic Mushrooms in Religion and Alchemy. Rochester: Park Street Press. m/s. 64–70. ISBN 0-89281-997-9. 
  17. ↑ Herodotus Histories 6.1.191.
  18. ↑ Edmonds, J. M., trans., rev. John M. Cooper. "Epigrams". "Plato: Complete Works". Ed. John M. Cooper. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1997. p 1744, note to VII. Print.
  19. ↑ Macrone, Michael (1998). Brush up your Bible!. Tom Lulevitch. Random House Value. ISBN 0517201895. OCLC 38270894.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  20. ↑ Elzebroek, A.T.G. (2008). Guide to Cultivated Plants. Wallingford: CAB International. m/s. 27. ISBN 1845933567.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  21. 1 2 Sue Tarjan (fall 2006). "Autumn Epal Musings" (PDF). News & Notes of the UCSC Farm & Garden, Center for Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems. m/s. 1–2. Diarkibkan daripada asal (pdf) pada 11 Ogos 2007. Dicapai 24 Januari 2008.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  22. 1 2 "World epal situation". Dicapai 24 Januari 2008. 
  23. ↑ Weaver, Sue (June/July 2003). "Crops & Gardening - Apples of Antiquity". Hobby Farms magazine. BowTie, Inc.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  24. ↑ John Lloyd dan John Mitchinson (2006). QI: The Complete First Series - QI Factoids (DVD). 2 entertain. 
  25. 1 2 Ferree, David Curtis (1999). Apples: Botany, Production and Uses. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0851993575. OCLC 182530169.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  26. 1 2 3 4 Bob Polomski. "Epal". Clemson University. Dicapai 22 January 2008.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  27. ↑ "Apples". solarnavigator.net. Dicapai 22 January 2008. 
  28. ↑ "Apples in Ecuador". Acta Hort. Dicapai 2008-07-17. 
  29. ↑ S. Sansavini (1 July 1986). "The chilling requirement in apple and its role in regulating Time of flowering in spring in cold-Winter Climate". Symposium on Growth Regulators in Fruit Production (edisi International). Acta Horticulturae. m/s. 179. ISBN 978-90-66051-82-9. 
  30. ↑ "Controlled Atmosphere Storage (CA)". Washington State Epal Advertising Commission. Dicapai 24 January 2008. 
  31. ↑ "Food Science Australia Fact Sheet: Refrigerated storage of perishable foods". Food Science Australia. February, 2005. Dicapai 2007-05-25.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  32. ↑ Pittsburgh Section, University of Pittsburgh School of Engineering, School of Engineering, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Pittsburgh Section, Instrument Society of America, Instrument Society of America Pittsburgh Section, University of Pittsburgh (1981). Modeling and Simulation: Proceedings of the Annual Pittsburgh Conference. Instrument Society of America. Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)
  33. 1 2 3 4 Lowther, Granville. The Encyclopedia of Practical Horticulture: A Reference System of Commercial Horticulture, Covering the Practical and Scientific Phases of Horticulture, with Special Reference to Fruits and Vegetables. The Encyclopedia of horticulture corporation.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  34. 1 2 Coli, William; dll. "Epal Pest Management Guide". University of Massachusetts Amherst. Dicapai 3 Mac 2008. Selenggaraan CS1: Penggunaan eksplisit et al. (link)
  35. 1 2 "How To Deal With Scab". GardenAction. Dicapai 3 Mac 2008. 
  36. ↑ "Plant World - Heaviest Apple". Guinness World Records. Dicapai 2009-09-09. 
  37. 1 2 Kristin Churchill. "Chinese epal-juice concentrate exports to United States continue to rise". Great American Publishing. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 16 Oktober 2006. Dicapai 22 Januari 2008. 
  38. ↑ Desmond, Andrew (1994). The World Epal Market. Haworth Press. m/s. 144–149. ISBN 1560220414. OCLC 243470452. 
  39. 1 2 3 Ames, Guy (2001). "Considerations in organic epal production" (pdf). National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service. Dicapai 24 January 2008.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)
  40. ↑ Food Poisoning and Safety California Poison Control System
  41. 1 2 fallen apples – safe? iVillage Garden Web
  42. 1 2 3 Wrongdiagnosis.com
  43. ↑ Webmd.com
  44. ↑ For decreased risk of colon, prostate and lung cancer: "Nutrition to Reduce Cancer Risk". The Stanford Cancer Center (SCC). Dicapai 2008-08-18. 
  45. ↑ Boyer, Jeanelle; Liu, RH (2004). "Epal phytochemicals and their health benefits". Nutrition journal. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201 USA: Department of Food Science and Institute of Comparative and Environmental Toxicology. 3: 5. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-3-5. PMC 442131 . PMID 15140261.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan); Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan); Lebih daripada satu |last1= dan |last= dinyatakan (bantuan); Lebih daripada satu |first1= dan |first= dinyatakan (bantuan)
  46. 1 2 3 4 "Apples Keep Your Family Healthy". Washington State Apple Advertising Commission. Dicapai 22 Januari 2008. 
  47. ↑ Rajeev Sharma. (2005). Improve your health with Apple,Guava,Mango. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. m/s. 22. ISBN 8128809245. 
  48. ↑ Lee KW, Lee SJ, Kang NJ, Lee CY, Lee HJ, KW (2004). "Effects of phenolics in Empire apples on hydrogen peroxide-induced inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication". Biofactors. 21 (1–4): 361–5. doi:10.1002/biof.552210169. ISSN 0951-6433. PMID 15630226.  |first2= missing |last2= in Authors list (bantuan); |first3= missing |last3= in Authors list (bantuan); |first4= missing |last4= in Authors list (bantuan); |first5= missing |last5= in Authors list (bantuan)Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)
  49. ↑ Lee KW, Kim YJ, Kim DO, Lee HJ, Lee CY, KW (2003). "Major phenolics in apple and their contribution to the total antioxidant capacity". J. Agric. Food Chem. 51 (22): 6516–6520. doi:10.1021/jf034475w. ISSN 0021-8561. PMID 14558772.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan); |first2= missing |last2= in Authors list (bantuan); |first3= missing |last3= in Authors list (bantuan); |first4= missing |last4= in Authors list (bantuan); |first5= missing |last5= in Authors list (bantuan)Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)
  50. ↑ Juniper BE, Mabberley DJ (2006). The Story of the Apple. Timber Press. m/s. 20. ISBN 0881927848. 

Rujukan

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