Nota Pelancapan

  1. ↑ Berasaskan "pelancapan" di Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., 2003
  2. ↑ Hallikeri, Vinay R.; Gouda, Hareesh S.; Aramani, Sunil C.; Vijaykumar, A.G.; Ajaykumar, T.S. (July–December 2010). "MASTURBATION—AN OVERVIEW". Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. 27 (2): 46–49. ISSN 0971-1929. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 21 August 2016. Today, masturbatory act is considered as a healthy practice when done in private and an offence if done in the public in most of the countries. 
  3. ↑ Aldo Poiani (19 August 2010). Animal Homosexuality: A Biosocial Perspective. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49038-2. 
  4. ↑ "Breeding Soundness Examination of the Stallion". Petplace.com. 2014-12-10. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 5 September 2011. Dicapai 29 May 2011. 
  5. ↑ Bagemihl, Bruce (1999). Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-19239-6. Dicapai 21 October 2015. 
  6. ↑ Templat:Title='rancap' - Maklumat Kata
  7. ↑ "Go ask Alice!: Cock-stuffing" (html). Columbia University, New York. 2005-02-18. Dicapai 2006-07-29.  |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (bantuan)
  8. ↑ Various authors (2006-04-21). "Urethral Sound" (html/wiki). Body Modification Ezine. Dicapai 2006-07-29. 
  9. ↑ McPartlin, Daniel (2005-09-09). "Case report: A foreign body in the urethra" (html). Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants. Dicapai 2006-07-29.  Parameter |coauthors= tidak diketahui diabaikan (guna |author=) (bantuan)
  10. ↑ Masturbation, Tantra and Self-love
  11. ↑ Keesling, Barbara (Nov/Dec 99 (Last Reviewed: 30 Aug 2004)). "Beyond Orgasmatron" (html). Psychology Today. Dicapai 2006-07-29.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  12. ↑ Ellis, Havelock (1927), Studies in the Psychology of Sex (3rd edition), Volume I,; Auto-Erotism: A Study of the Spontaneous Manifestations of the Sexual Impulse; section I; "The Sewing-machine and the Bicycle:" quotes one Pouillet as saying "it is a well-recognized fact that to work a sewing-machine with the body in a certain position produces sexual excitement leading to the orgasm. The occurrence of the orgasm is indicated to the observer by the machine being worked for a few seconds with uncontrollable rapidity. This sound is said to be frequently heard in large French workrooms, and it is part of the duty of the superintendents of the rooms to make the girls sit properly." Studies in the Psychology of Sex, v. I, by Havelock Ellis, sebuah buku elektronik bebas di Projek Gutenberg
  13. ↑ Koedt, Anne (1970). "The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm" (html). Chicago Women's Liberation Union. Dicapai 2006-07-29. 
  14. ↑ The Kinsey Institute Data from Alfred Kinsey's studies. Published online.
  15. ↑ Shuman, Tracy (2006-02). "Your Guide to Masturbation" (html). WebMD, Inc./The Cleveland Clinic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Dicapai 2006-07-29.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  16. ↑ Knowles, Jon (2002-11). "Masturbation — From Stigma to Sexual Health" (html). Katharine Dexter McCormick Library/Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. Dicapai 2006-07-29.  Check date values in: |date= (bantuan)
  17. ↑ Confidential, Kinsey. "Prone masturbation a threat?". Indiana Daily Student. Dicapai 30 March 2017. 
  18. ↑ See here and pages 47–49 for views on what constitutes virginity loss and therefore sexual intercourse or other sexual activity; source discusses how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in penile-vaginal sex. Laura M. Carpenter (2005). Virginity Lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences. NYU Press. m/s. 295 pages. ISBN 978-0-8147-1652-6. Dicapai 9 October 2011. 
  19. ↑ Bryan Strong; Christine DeVault; Theodore F. Cohen (2010). The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society. Cengage Learning. m/s. 186. ISBN 978-0-534-62425-5. Dicapai 8 October 2011. Most people agree that we maintain virginity as long as we refrain from sexual (vaginal) intercourse. ...But occasionally we hear people speak of 'technical virginity' … Other research, especially research looking into virginity loss, reports that 35% of virgins, defined as people who have never engaged in vaginal intercourse, have nonetheless engaged in one or more other forms of heterosexual activity (e.g. oral sex, anal sex, or mutual masturbation). … Data indicate that 'a very significant proportion of teens ha[ve] had experience with oral sex, even if they haven't had sexual intercourse, and may think of themselves as virgins'. 
  20. ↑ "Mutual Masturbation". 12 June 2006. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 May 2016. Dicapai 7 August 2010.  — A biographical collection of data for a sociological repository on the topic of mutual masturbating to study changes on the activity over time.
  21. ↑ Coogan, Michael (2010). God and Sex. What the Bible Really Says (edisi 1st). New York, Boston: Twelve. Hachette Book Group. m/s. 110. ISBN 978-0-446-54525-9. OCLC 505927356. Dicapai May 5, 2011. Although Onan gives his name to "onanism," usually a synonym for masturbation, Onan was not masturbating but practicing coitus interruptus.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)
  22. ↑ Catholic Answers: Birth Control (official Catholic tract declared free from error by a book censor and approved by a bishop.) Quote: "The Bible mentions at least one form of contraception specifically and condemns it. Coitus interruptus, was used by Onan to avoid fulfilling his duty according to the ancient Jewish law of fathering children for one’s dead brother."
  23. ↑ Ellens, J. Harold (2006). "6. Making Babies: Purposes of Sex". Sex in the Bible: a new consideration. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers. m/s. 48. ISBN 0-275-98767-1. OCLC 65429579. Dicapai 2012-01-24. He practiced coitus interruptus whenever he made love to Tamar. 
  24. ↑ Confirmed by The Web Bible Encyclopedia at Christian Answers: Onan quote: "Some have mistakenly assumed that Onan's sin was masturbation. However, it seems clear that this is not the case. Onan was prematurely withdrawing from sexual intercourse with his new wife, Tamar. This is a form of birth control still practiced today (coitus interruptus)."
  25. ↑ Church Father Epiphanius of Salamis agrees, according to Riddle, John M. (1992). "1. Population and Sex". Contraception and abortion from the ancient world to the Renaissance. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. m/s. 4. ISBN 0-674-16875-5. OCLC 24428750. Dicapai 2012-01-24. Epiphanius (fourth century) construed the sin of Onan as coitus interruptus.14 
  26. ↑ Michael S. Patton (1985). "Masturbation from Judaism to Victorianism". Journal of Religion and Health. Springer Netherlands. 24 (2): 133–146. doi:10.1007/BF01532257. ISSN 0022-4197. Dicapai 12 November 2011. Nevertheless, there is no legislation in the Bible pertaining to masturbation.  Parameter |month= tidak diketahui diabaikan (bantuan)
  27. ↑ Alex W. Kweea and David C. Hoover (2008). "Theologically-Informed Education about Masturbation: A Male Sexual Health Perspective" (PDF). Journal of Psychology and Theology. La Mirada, CA, USA: Rosemead School of Psychology. Biola University. 36 (4): 258–269. ISSN 0091-6471. Dicapai 12 November 2011. The Bible presents no clear theological ethic on masturbation, leaving many young unmarried Christians with confusion and guilt around their sexuality. 
  28. ↑ Cardinal Seper, Franjo (2005-12-29). "Persona Humana: Declaration on certain questions concerning sexual ethics". § IX. The Roman Curia. Dicapai 2008-07-23. 
  29. 1 2 (Inggeris) "Catechism of the Catholic Church - The Sixth Commandment". Holy See. 
  30. ↑ (Inggeris) "The Summa Theologica II.II-Q154 (The Parts of Lust)" (edisi 1920, Second and Revised Edition). New Advent. Selenggaraan CS1: Extra text (link)
  31. ↑ Fr. John Matusiak. "Church's view of masturbation". Orthodox Church in America. Dicapai 2008-06-26. 
  32. ↑ Archpriest Joseph F Purpura, Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese. "Pre-marital Sexual Relations". Moral and Ethical Issues: Confronting Orthodox Youth across North America. Author Books and Barnes & Noble. Dicapai 2008-06-26. 
  33. ↑ Miller, Jeff (2008). "Masturbation". Bible.org. 
  34. ↑ Wright, Anne (2009). Grandma's Sex Handbook. Intimate Press. m/s. 123–146. ISBN 978-0-578-02075-4. 
  35. 1 2 (Inggeris) Maimonides, Commentary to the Mishnah, Sanhedrin 7:4, apud Dorff, Elliot N. (2003) [1998]. "Chapter Five. Preventing Pregnancy". Matters of life and death : a Jewish approach to modern medical ethics (edisi First paperback). Philadelphia, PA: Jewish Publication Society. m/s. 117. ISBN 0827607687. OCLC 80557192. Jews historically shared the abhorrence of male masturbation that characterized other societies.2 Interestingly, although the prohibition was not debated, legal writers had difficulty locating a biblical based for it, and no less an authority than Maimonides claimed that it could not be punishable by the court because there was not an explicit negative commandment forbidding it.3 
  36. 1 2 3 (Inggeris) Judaism 101: Kosher Sex Jewish law clearly prohibits male masturbation. This law is derived from the story of Onan (Gen. 38:8-10), who practiced coitus interruptus as a means of birth control to avoid fathering a child for his deceased brother. G-d killed Onan for this sin. Although Onan's act was not truly masturbation, Jewish law takes a very broad view of the acts prohibited by this passage, and forbids any act of ha-sh'cha'tat zerah (destruction of the seed), that is, ejaculation outside of the vagina. In fact, the prohibition is so strict that one passage in the Talmud states, "in the case of a man, the hand that reaches below the navel should be chopped off." (Niddah 13a). The issue is somewhat less clear for women. Obviously, spilling the seed is not going to happen in female masturbation, and there is no explicit Torah prohibition against female masturbation. Nevertheless, Judaism generally frowns upon female masturbation as "impure thoughts."
  37. ↑ (Inggeris) Higgins, Winton. "Buddhist Sexual Ethics". BuddhaNet Magazine. Dicapai 2007-01-15. 
  38. 1 2 (Inggeris) Lama Thubten Zopa Rinpoche. "Kopan Course No. 03 & No. 04 (1972-73): Appendix One: The Eight Mahayana Precepts". Dicapai January 9, 2017.