1 2 The historical status of the Dalai Lamas as actual rulers is disputed. A. Tom Grunfeld's The Making of Modern Tibet, p. 12: "Given the low life expectancy in Tibet it was not uncommon for incarnations to die before, or soon after, their ascendancy to power. This resulted in long periods of rule by advisers, or, in the ease of Dalai Lama, regents. As a measure of the power that regents must have wielded it is important to note that only three of the fourteen Dalai Lamas have actually ruled Tibet. From 1751 to 1960 regents ruled for 77 percent of the time"
↑ "现代汉语词典","遠東漢英大辭典", sebutannya ialah Tǔfān jika ketepatan sejarah tidak diambil kira, terjadinya perdebatan di tanah besar dan Taiwan mengenai sebutan tepatnya.
1 2 Partridge, Eric, Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English, New York, 1966, p. 719.
↑ Stein, R. A. Tibetan Civilization (1922). Edisi bahasa Inggeris dengan semakan kecil pada tahub 1972 Stanford University Press, p. 31. ISBN 0-8047-0806-1 (cloth); ISBN 0-8047-0901-7.
