Rujukan Universiti

  1. ↑ "University". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai 2018-05-13. 
  2. ↑ Haskins, Charles H. (January 1898). "The Life of Medieval Students as Illustrated by their Letters". The American Historical Review. 3 (2): 203. doi:10.2307/1832500. ISSN 0002-8762. 
  3. ↑ Google eBook of Encyclopedia Britannica
  4. ↑ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1966) [1879], A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press 
  5. ↑ Marcia L. Colish, Medieval Foundations of the Western Intellectual Tradition, 400-1400, (New Haven: Yale Univ. Pr., 1997), p. 267.
  6. ↑ Hartmut Scharfe(2002). Education in Ancient India. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-12556-6.
  7. ↑ Oldest University Diarkibkan 7 October 2014 di Wayback Machine.
  8. ↑ "Medina of Fez". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. UNESCO. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 29 May 2010. Dicapai 7 April 2016. 
  9. ↑ Verger, Jacques: "Patterns", in: Ridder-Symoens, Hilde de (ed.): A History of the University in Europe. Vol. I: Universities in the Middle Ages, Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-521-54113-8, pp. 35–76 (35)
  10. ↑ Esposito, John (2003). The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. m/s. 328. ISBN 0-1951-2559-2. 
  11. ↑ Joseph, S, and Najmabadi, A. Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures: Economics, education, mobility, and space. Brill, 2003, p. 314.
  12. ↑ Swartley, Keith. Encountering the World of Islam. Authentic, 2005, p. 74.
  13. ↑ Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World, Publisher: Marshall Cavendish, 2010 Diarkibkan 1 October 2015 di Wayback Machine. p.161
  14. ↑ Civilization: The West and the Rest by Niall Ferguson, Publisher: Allen Lane 2011 - ISBN 978-1-84614-273-4
  15. ↑ The Guinness Book Of Records, 1998, p. 242, ISBN 0-553-57895-2
  16. ↑ "Basic Classification Technical Details". Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Dicapai 2007-03-20.