Rujukan Afghanistan

  1. 1 2 "Article Sixteen of the 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan". 2004. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-10-28. Dicapai 13 June 2012. From among the languages of Pashto, Dari, Uzbeki, Turkmani, Baluchi, Pashai, Nuristani, Pamiri (alsana), Arab and other languages spoken in the country, Pashto and Dari are the official languages of the state. 
  2. ↑ Central Statistics Organization of Afghanistan: Statistical Yearbook 2012-2013: Area and administrative Population
  3. ↑ "The World Factbook: Afghanistan". Dicapai July 24, 2014. 
  4. ↑ "Chapter 2. The Society and Its Environment" (PDF). Afghanistan Country Study. Illinois Institute of Technology. m/s. 105–06. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 3 November 2001. Dicapai 12 October 2010. 
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Afghanistan". International Monetary Fund. Dicapai 26 April 2014. 
  6. ↑ "2014 Human Development Report Summary" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2014. m/s. 21–25. Dicapai 27 July 2014. 
  7. 1 2 "Location: Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran". The World Factbook. CIA. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-03-26. Dicapai 24 June 2010. 
  8. 1 2 "Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings". UNdata. 26 April 2011. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 13 July 2011. Dicapai 13 July 2011. 
  9. 1 2 "Afghanistan". Encyclopædia Britannica. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 25 February 2010. Dicapai 17 March 2010. 
  10. ↑ "U.S. maps". Pubs.usgs.gov. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-25. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  11. ↑ "South Asia: Data, Projects, and Research". Dicapai 2 March 2015. 
  12. ↑ "MAPS SHOWING GEOLOGY, OIL AND GAS FIELDS AND GEOLOGICAL PROVINCES OF SOUTH ASIA (Includes Afghanistan)". Dicapai 2 March 2015. 
  13. ↑ "University of Washington Jackson School of International Studies: The South Asia Center". Dicapai 2 March 2015. 
  14. ↑ "Syracruse University: The South Asia Center". Dicapai 2 March 2015. 
  15. ↑ "Center for South Asian studies". Dicapai 2 March 2015. 
  16. 1 2 Griffin, Luke (14 January 2002). "The Pre-Islamic Period". Afghanistan Country Study. Illinois Institute of Technology. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 3 November 2001. Dicapai 14 October 2010. 
  17. ↑ "Afghanistan country profile". BBC News. 12 January 2012. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 5 November 2010. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  18. ↑ Baxter, Craig (1997). "Chapter 1. Historical Setting". Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan. Dicapai 24 June 2010. 
  19. ↑ "Kingdoms of South Asia – Afghanistan in Far East Kingdoms: Persia and the East". The History Files. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-08. Dicapai 24 June 2010. 
  20. ↑ "Last Afghan empire". Louis Dupree, Nancy Hatch Dupree and others. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-11-12. Dicapai 22 August 2010. 
  21. ↑ D. Balland (2010). Afghanistan x. Political History. Encyclopædia Iranica (edisi online). Columbia University. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-12. Dicapai 29 December 2013. 
  22. ↑ M. Longworth Dames, G. Morgenstierne, and R. Ghirshman (1999). AFGHĀNISTĀN. Encyclopaedia of Islam (edisi CD-ROM v. 1.0). Koninklijke Brill NV. Selenggaraan CS1: Pelbagai nama: senarai pengarang (link)
  23. ↑ Vogelsang, Willem (2002). [Afghanistan di Buku Google The Afghans] Check |url= value (bantuan). Wiley Blackwell. m/s. 18. ISBN 0-631-19841-5. Dicapai 2010-08-22. 
  24. ↑ http://sanskritdictionary.com/avag%C4%81%E1%B9%87a/20082/1
  25. ↑ Noelle-Karimi, Christine; Conrad J. Schetter; Reinhard Schlagintweit (2002). Afghanistan -a country without a state?. University of Michigan, United States: IKO. m/s. 18. ISBN 3-88939-628-3. Dicapai 2010-09-24. The earliest mention of the name 'Afghan' (Abgan) is to be found in a Sasanid inscription from the 3rd century, and it appears in India in the form of 'Avagana'... 
  26. ↑ "Afghan". Ch. M. Kieffer. Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition. December 15, 1983. 
  27. ↑ "Scottish Geographical Journal". Royal Scottish Geographical Society: 275. 1999. Their name means "cavelier" as derived from Sanskrit, Asva or Asvaka  |access-date= memerlukan |url= (bantuan)
  28. ↑ "Afghan". Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition. December 15, 1983. 
  29. ↑ Banting, Erinn (2003). [Afghanistan di Buku Google Afghanistan: The land] Check |url= value (bantuan). Crabtree Publishing Company. m/s. 4. ISBN 0-7787-9335-4. Dicapai 2010-08-22. 
  30. ↑ "General Information About Afghanistan". Abdullah Qazi. Afghanistan Online. Dicapai 2010-09-27. 
  31. ↑ Baiza, Yahia (2013). [Afghanistan di Buku Google Education in Afghanistan: Developments, Influences and Legacies Since 1901] Check |url= value (bantuan). Routledge. m/s. 100. ISBN 1134120826. Dicapai 2014-06-23. 
  32. ↑ "Constitution of Afghanistan". 2004. Dicapai 2013-02-16. 
  33. 1 2 3 4 "Afghanistan – John Ford Shroder, University of Nebraska". Webcitation.org. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  34. 1 2 Nancy H. Dupree (1973): An Historical Guide To Afghanistan, Chapter 3 Sites in Perspective.
  35. ↑ "Afghanistan: A Treasure Trove for Archaeologists". Time Magazine. 26 February 2009. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 13 July 2011. 
  36. ↑ The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity by George Erdosy, p.321
  37. ↑ The History of Afghanistan by Meredith L. Runion, p.44-49
  38. ↑ Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan, Pre-Islamic Period, by Craig Baxter (1997).
  39. ↑ The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society. pp.1
  40. ↑ Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark (1998). Ancient cities of the Indus Valley Civilisation. pp.96
  41. ↑ Bryant, Edwin F. (2001) The quest for the origins of Vedic culture: the Indo-Aryan migration debate Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-513777-4.
  42. ↑ Afghanistan: ancient Ariana (1950), Information Bureau, p3.
  43. ↑ M. Witzel, "The Vīdẽvdaδ list obviously was composed or redacted by someone who regarded Afghanistan and the lands surrounding it as the home of all Indo-Iranians (airiia), that is of all (eastern) Iranians, with Airiianem Vaẽjah as their center." page 48, "The Home Of The Aryans", Festschrift J. Narten = Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, Beihefte NF 19, Dettelbach: J.H. Röll 2000, 283–338. Also published online, at Harvard University (LINK)
  44. 1 2 Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan, Achaemenid Rule, ca. 550-331 B.C.
  45. ↑ "Chronological History of Afghanistan – the cradle of Gandharan civilisation". Gandhara.com.au. 15 February 1989. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-27. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  46. ↑ "Afghanistan: Achaemenid dynasty rule, Ancient Classical History". Ancienthistory.about.com. 13 April 2012. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-30. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  47. ↑ Nancy H. Dupree, An Historical Guide to Kabul Diarkibkan Julai 27, 2011 di Wayback Machine
  48. 1 2 3 4 "Country Profile: Afghanistan" (PDF). Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan. August 2008. Diarkibkan daripada asal (PDF) pada 2014-04-08. Dicapai 10 October 2010. 
  49. ↑ The History of Afghanistan by Meredith L. Runion, p.44
  50. ↑ Dani, A. H. and B. A. Litvinsky. "The Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom". In: History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume III. The crossroads of civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750. Litvinsky, B.A., ed., 1996. UNESCO Publishing, pp. 103–118. ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  51. ↑ Zeimal, E. V. "The Kidarite Kingdom in Central Asia". In: History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume III. The crossroads of civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750. Litvinsky, B.A., ed., 1996, UNESCO Publishing, pp. 119–133. ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  52. ↑ Litvinsky, B. A. "The Hephthalite Empire". In: History of civilizations of Central Asia, Volume III. The crossroads of civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750. Litvinsky, B.A., ed., 1996, UNESCO Publishing, pp. 135–162. ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  53. ↑ "Khorasan". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 3 October 2010. Dicapai 21 October 2010. 
  54. ↑ "Khurasan". The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. 2009. m/s. 55. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-02-09. In pre-Islamic and early Islamic times, the term "Khurassan" frequently had a much wider denotation, covering also parts of what are now Soviet Central Asia and Afghanistan 
  55. 1 2 Ibn Battuta (2004). Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354 (edisi reprint, illustrated). Routledge. m/s. 416. ISBN 978-0-415-34473-9. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-05. 
  56. ↑ Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah (1560). "Chapter 200: Translation of the Introduction to Firishta's History". The History of India. 6. Sir H. M. Elliot. London: Packard Humanities Institute. m/s. 8. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 22 August 2010. 
  57. ↑ Zahir ud-Din Mohammad Babur (1525). "Events Of The Year 910 (p.4)". Memoirs of Babur. Packard Humanities Institute. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-05. Dicapai 22 August 2010. 
  58. ↑ "A.—The Hindu Kings of Kábul". Sir H. M. Elliot. London: Packard Humanities Institute. 1867–1877. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-08. Dicapai 18 September 2010. 
  59. ↑ ?amd-Allah Mustawfi of Qazwin (1340). "The Geographical Part of the NUZHAT-AL-QULUB". Translated by Guy Le Strange. Packard Humanities Institute. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 19 August 2011. 
  60. ↑ "A.—The Hindu Kings of Kábul (p.3)". Sir H. M. Elliot. London: Packard Humanities Institute. 1867–1877. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 18 September 2010. 
  61. ↑ ""Ghaznavid Dynasty", History of Iran, Iran Chamber Society". Iranchamber.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 24 November 2010. Dicapai 14 November 2010. 
  62. ↑ Meher, Jagmohan: Afghanistan: Dynamics of Survival di Buku Google
  63. ↑ International Business Publiction: Afghanistan. Country Studiy Guidy, Volume 1, Strategic Information and Developments di Buku Google
  64. ↑ "Central Asian world cities". Faculty.washington.edu. 29 September 2007. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-23. Dicapai 6 May 2012. 
  65. ↑ Page, Susan (18 February 2009). "Obama's war: Deploying 17,000 raises stakes in Afghanistan". Usatoday.com. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  66. ↑ "Timurid Dynasty". Britannica.com. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2008-06-22. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  67. ↑ A Brief History of Afghanistan by Shaista Wahab, Barry Youngerman, p.66
  68. 1 2 Edward G. Browne. "A Literary History of Persia, Volume 4: Modern Times (1500–1924), Chapter IV. An Outline Of The History Of Persia During The Last Two Centuries (A.D. 1722–1922)". Packard Humanities Institute. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-26. Dicapai 9 September 2010. 
  69. ↑ "The Hotakis". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-11-12. Dicapai 9 September 2010. 
  70. ↑ "The Durrani dynasty". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-11-12. Dicapai 9 September 2010. 
  71. ↑ "Background: Afghanistan". The World Factbook. CIA. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-31. Dicapai 24 June 2010. 
  72. ↑ "Ahmad Shah and the Durrani Empire". Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan. 1997. Dicapai 25 August 2010. 
  73. ↑ "Ahmad Shah Durrani". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-04. Dicapai 9 September 2010. 
  74. ↑ Friedrich Engels (1857). "Afghanistan". Andy Blunden. The New American Cyclopaedia, Vol. I. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-27. Dicapai 25 August 2010. 
  75. ↑ The Oxford Dictionary of Islam by John L. Esposito, p.71
  76. ↑ Tanner, Stephen (2009). Afghanistan: A Military History from Alexander the Great to the War against the Taliban. Da Capo Press. m/s. 126. ISBN 978-0-306-81826-4. Diarkibkan daripada [Afghanistan di Buku Google asal] Check |url= value (bantuan) pada 2014-01-23. 
  77. ↑ Nalwa, Vanit (2009). Hari Singh Nalwa, "champion of the Khalsaji" (1791–1837). m/s. 198. ISBN 978-81-7304-785-5. Diarkibkan daripada [Afghanistan di Buku Google asal] Check |url= value (bantuan) pada 2014-01-22. 
  78. ↑ Soldier and Traveller – Alexander Gardner – Google Books. Elibron Classics. ISBN 978-0-543-01103-9. Diarkibkan daripada [Afghanistan di Buku Google asal] Check |url= value (bantuan) pada 2013-10-17. 
  79. ↑ Chahryar, Adle (2003). History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Development in contrast: from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century. UNESCO. m/s. 296. ISBN 978-92-3-103876-1. 
  80. ↑ Encyclopedia Americana. Americana Corporation. 1976. m/s. 24.  Missing or empty |title= (bantuan)
  81. ↑ Hafizullah, Emadi (2005). Culture and customs of Afghanistan. Greenwood Publishing Group. m/s. 252. ISBN 978-0-313-33089-6. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-01-04. 
  82. ↑ Bowersox, Gary W. (2004). The Gem Hunter: The Adventures of an American in Afghanistan. United States: GeoVision, Inc.,. m/s. 100. ISBN 0-9747-3231-1. Dicapai 2010-08-22. To launch this plan, Bhutto recruited and trained a group of Afghans in the Bala-Hesar of Peshawar, in Pakistan's North-west Frontier Province. Among these young men were Massoud, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, and other members of Jawanan-e Musulman. Massoud's mission to Bhutto was to create unrest in northern Afghanistan. It served Massoud's interests, which were apparently opposition to the Soviets and independence for Afghanistan. Later, after Massoud and Hekmatyar had a terrible falling-out over Massoud's opposition to terrorist tactics and methods, Massoud overthrew from Jawanan-e Musulman. He joined Rabani's newly created Afghan political party, Jamiat-i-Islami, in exile in Pakistan. 
  83. ↑ Hussain, Rizwan (2005). Pakistan And The Emergence Of Islamic Militancy In Afghanistan. Ashgate Publishing. m/s. 108–109. ISBN 978-0-7546-4434-7. 
  84. ↑ Kalinovsky, Artemy M. (2011). A Long Goodbye: The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan. Harvard University Press. m/s. 25–28. ISBN 978-0-674-05866-8. 
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  86. ↑ Meher, Jagmohan (2004). America's Afghanistan War: The Success that Failed. Gyan Books. m/s. 68–69, 94. ISBN 978-81-7835-262-6. 
  87. ↑ "Story of US, CIA and Taliban". The Brunei Times. 2009. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-05. Dicapai 16 December 2013. 
  88. ↑ "The Cost of an Afghan 'Victory'". The Nation. 1999. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-03-02. Dicapai 16 December 2013. 
  89. ↑ "How the CIA created Osama bin Laden". greenleft.org.au. 2001. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2011-06-17. 
  90. ↑ "Soldiers of God: Cold War (Part 1/5)". CNN. 1998. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-29. Dicapai 11 October 2011. 
  91. ↑ UNICEF, Land-mines: A deadly inheritance Diarkibkan Ogos 5, 2013 di Wayback Machine
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  93. ↑ "Refugee Admissions Program for Near East and South Asia". Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-13. Dicapai 29 December 2013. 
  94. ↑ "Afghanistan: History – Columbia Encyclopedia". Infoplease.com. 11 September 2001. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2012-08-10. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  95. ↑ Afghanistan Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments by INB, p.73
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  98. ↑ GUTMAN, Roy (2008): How We Missed the Story: Osama Bin Laden, the Taliban and the Hijacking of Afghanistan, Endowment of the United States Institute of Peace, 1st ed., Washington D.C.
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  102. ↑ Matinuddin, Kamal, The Taliban Phenomenon, Afghanistan 1994–1997, Oxford University Press, (1999), pp. 25–26
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  105. ↑ "BBC Newsnight 1995". Youtube.com. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-12. Dicapai 4 February 2012. 
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  108. 1 2 "Documents Detail Years of Pakistani Support for Taliban, Extremists". George Washington University. 2007. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-03. Dicapai 16 December 2013. 
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  117. ↑ "Ahmed Shah Massoud". History Commons. 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-01-25. Dicapai 16 December 2013. 
  118. ↑ Maley, William (2009). The Afghanistan wars. Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 288. ISBN 978-0-230-21313-5. 
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  122. ↑ Marcela Grad (1 March 2009). Massoud: An Intimate Portrait of the Legendary Afghan Leader. Webster University Press. m/s. 310. 
  123. ↑ "Inside the Taliban". National Geographic. 2007. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 29 September 2008. 
  124. ↑ "Massoud in the European Parliament 2001". EU media. 2001. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-07-28. Dicapai 16 December 2013. 
  125. ↑ "Life under Taliban cuts two ways". CSM. 20 September 2001 Diarkibkan Disember 30, 2013 di Wayback Machine
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  127. ↑ Tyler, Patrick (8 October 2001). "A Nation challenged: The attack; U.S. and Britain strike Afghanistan, aiming at bases and terrorist camps; Bush warns 'Taliban will pay a price'". New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-11. Dicapai 28 February 2010. 
  128. ↑ Security Council Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu Resolution 1386 S-RES-1386(2001) on 31 May 2001 (retrieved 21 September 2007)  – (UNSCR 1386)
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  130. ↑ Fossler, Julie. "USAID Afghanistan". Afghanistan.usaid.gov. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 17 October 2010. Dicapai 14 November 2010. 
  131. ↑ "Canada's Engagement in Afghanistan: Backgrounder". Afghanistan.gc.ca. 9 July 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2010-11-19. Dicapai 14 November 2010. 
  132. ↑ "Pakistan Accused of Helping Taliban". ABC News. 31 July 2008. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-21. Dicapai 28 September 2010. 
  133. ↑ Crilly, Rob; Spillius, Alex (26 July 2010). "Wikileaks: Pakistan accused of helping Taliban in Afghanistan attacks". The Telegraph. London. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-01-29. Dicapai 28 September 2010. 
  134. ↑ "Germany begins deportations of Afghan refugees". wsws.org. 25 June 2005. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2012-10-02. Dicapai 2 October 2011. 
  135. ↑ "Living in Fear of Deportation". DW-World.De. 22 January 2006. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2012-01-29. Dicapai 2 October 2011. 
  136. ↑ Witte, Griff (8 December 2009). "Taliban shadow officials offer concrete alternative". The Washington Post. Dicapai 30 March 2010. 
  137. ↑ Trofimov, Yaroslav (11 September 2010). "Karzai Divides Afghanistan in Reaching Out to Taliban". The Wall Street Journal. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 12 September 2010. Dicapai 11 September 2010. 
  138. ↑ "President Karzai Address to the Nation on Afghanistan's Peace Efforts". The Embassy of Afghanistan in Washington, DC. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 12 October 2011. Dicapai 10 October 2011. 
  139. ↑ "Panetta: U.S. will pursue Pakistan-based militants". USA Today. September 2011. Dicapai 21 September 2011. 
  140. ↑ "U.S. blames Pakistan agency in Kabul attack". Reuters. 22 September 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 25 September 2011. Dicapai 22 September 2011. 
  141. ↑ "Afghan president Ashraf Ghani inaugurated after bitter campaign". The Guardian. Dicapai 12 April 2015. 
  142. ↑ "U.S. formally ends the war in Afghanistan". CBS News. Dicapai 12 April 2015. 
  143. ↑ "U.S. maps". Pubs.usgs.gov. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-25. Dicapai 19 May 2012. 
  144. ↑ "History of Environmental Change in the Sistan Basin 1976–2005" (PDF). Diarkibkan (PDF) daripada yang asal pada 7 August 2007. Dicapai 20 July 2007. 
  145. ↑ "Snow in Afghanistan: Natural Hazards". NASA. 3 February 2006. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-30. Dicapai 6 May 2012. 
  146. ↑ "Snow may end Afghan drought, but bitter winter looms". Reuters. 18 January 2012. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-30. 
  147. ↑ "Afghanistan's woeful water management delights neighbors". Csmonitor.com. 15 June 2010. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 14 November 2010. Dicapai 14 November 2010. 
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  149. ↑ "Earthquake Hazards". USGS Projects in Afghanistan. US Geological Survey. 1 August 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-30. Dicapai 13 October 2011. 
  150. ↑ "'Seven dead' as earthquake rocks Afghanistan". BBC News. 19 April 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-12-31. Dicapai 13 October 2011. 
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  153. 1 2 "Afghanistan's untapped minerals 'worth $3 trillion'". The Independent. London. 18 June 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-01-23. Dicapai 15 October 2011. 
  154. 1 2 3 Risen, James (17 June 2010). "U.S. Identifies Vast Riches of Minerals in Afghanistan". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 15 November 2010. Dicapai 14 November 2010. 
  155. 1 2 "Afghans say US team found huge potential mineral wealth". BBC News. 14 June 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-08-09. Dicapai 13 October 2011. 
  156. ↑ "Land area (sq. km)". World Development Indicators. World Bank. 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2013-10-29. Dicapai 13 October 2011. 
  157. ↑ "CIA Factbook – Area: 41". CIA. 26 November 1991. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-01-31. Dicapai 4 February 2012. 
  158. ↑ "Population of Afghanistan". The World Factbook. CIA. 2010. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2014-04-08. Dicapai 6 November 2011. 
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